Pilotage

A marine pilot boards the vessel to advise the master and assist in manoeuvring through ports, channels, and restricted waters. Pilotage may be compulsory (legally required in most harbour approaches) or voluntary. The pilot advises the master, who retains command and ultimate legal responsibility. In most common-law jurisdictions, the shipowner remains liable for pilot error even under compulsory pilotage. Pilots are employed by independent associations or port authorities.